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Published Online: 1 June 2018

Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis During Palatal Fusion Reveals the Potential Mechanism of Enhancer Methylation Regulating Epithelial Mesenchyme Transformation

Publication: DNA and Cell Biology
Volume 37, Issue Number 6

Abstract

Epithelial mesenchyme transformation (EMT) of the medial edge epithelium (MEE) is the crucial process during palatal fusion. This work is aimed to elucidate the enhancer regulatory mechanism by genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of EMT during palatal fusion. Over 800 million clean reads, 325 million enzyme reads, and 234 million mapping reads were generated. The mapping rate was 68.85–74.32%, which included differentially methylated 17299 CCGG sites and 2363 CCWGG sites (p < 0.05, log2FC >1). Methylated sites in intron and intergenic regions were more compared to other regions of all DNA elements. GO and KEGG analysis indicated that differential methylation sites related to embryonic palatal fusion genes (HDAC4, TCF7L2, and PDGFRB) at the enhancer were located on CCWGG region of non-CpG islands. In addition, the results showed that the enhancer for HDAC4 was hypermethylated, whereas the enhancers for TCF7L2 and PDGFRB were hypomethylated. The methylation status of enhancer regions of HDAC4, PDGFRB, and TCF7L2, involved in the regulation of the EMT during palatal fusion, may enlighten the development of novel epigenetic biomarkers in the treatment of cleft palate.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image DNA and Cell Biology
DNA and Cell Biology
Volume 37Issue Number 6June 2018
Pages: 560 - 573
PubMed: 29608334

History

Published in print: June 2018
Published online: 1 June 2018
Published ahead of print: 2 April 2018
Accepted: 25 February 2018
Revision received: 11 February 2018
Received: 11 January 2018

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Xuan Shu
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Shenyou Shu
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Hongqiu Cheng
Department of Infectious Diseases, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Shijie Tang
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Lujun Yang
Department of Translational Medicine Center, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Haihong Li
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Mingjun Zhang
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Zhensen Zhu
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Dan Liu
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Ke Li
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Zejun Dong
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Liuhanghang Cheng
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Jialong Ding
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.

Notes

Address correspondence to:Shenyou Shu, MDDepartment of Burn and Plastic Surgery2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041China
E-mail: [email protected]

Disclosure Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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